Surgical Techniques

There are three types of eye removal and many different options for implant. Orbital implants and ocular prostheses are used by the surgeon to restore a more natural appearance.

Evisceration 

• Removal of the internal eye contents, but the sclera is left behind with the extraocular muscles still attachedEither generalor local anesthetics may be used during eviscerations, with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents injected intravenously

Enucleation

• removal of the eyeball, but the adjacent structures of the eye socket and eyelids remain. An intraocular tumor excision requires an enucleation, not an evisceration. Enucleation is removal of the eye, leaving the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact. This type of ocular surgery is indicated for a number of different ocular tumors, in eyes that have suffered severe trauma, and in eyes that are blind and painful due to other disease.

Exenteration 

• removal of the contents of the eye socket (orbit) including the eyeball, fat, muscles and other adjacent structures of the eye. The eyelids may also be removed in cases of cutaneous cancers and unrelenting infection. Exenteration is sometimes done together with Maxillectomy which is removal of the maxilla or the upper jaw bone/cheekbone